- chaos
- Chaos is the breakdown of predictability, or a state of disorder.
- cipher
- Ciphers are codes for writing secret messages. Two simple types are shift ciphers and affine ciphers.
- complementary angles
- Two angles that have a sum of 90 degrees.
- class interval
- In plotting a histogram, one starts by dividing the range
of all values into non-overlapping intervals, called class intervals, in such a way
that every piece of data is contained in some class interval .
- coefficients
- The numbers in front of the letters in a mathematical expression, for example, in: 4d + 5t2 + 3s, the 4, 5, and 3 are coefficients for the d, t2, and s.
- combinatorics
- The science that studies the numbers of different combinations, which are
groupings of numbers. Combinatorics is often part of the study of probability and
statistics.
- complex numbers
- One can think of them as an ordered pair of numbers. Complex numbers
helped earlier mathematicians deal with the problem of taking the square root of a negative number. A complex number takes the form a + b*sqrt(-1), where a and b are real numbers.
- concave up
- A curve is "concave up" when it is a concave shape, meaning
curved like the inside of a bowl, with the two ends of the curve pointing up.
- conditional probability
- Conditional probability is the probability of an event occurring given that another
event also occurs. It is expressed as P(A/B). It reads "Probability of Event A on
condition of Event B." P(A/B) = P(A and B)/P(B), where P(B) is the probability of event
B and P(A and B) is the joint probability of A and B.
- congruent
- Two figures are congruent
to one another if they have the same size and shape.
- constant functions
- Functions that stay the same no matter what the variable does are called constant
functions.
- constants
- In math, things that do not change: for example distance, volume, mass, are called
constants. The things that do change are called variables.
- continuous graph
- In a graph, a continuous line with no breaks in it forms a continuous graph.
- coordinate plane (Cartesian)
- A plane with a point selected as an origin, some length selected as a unit of distance,
and two perpendicular lines that intersect at the origin, with positive and negative
direction selected on each line. Traditionally, the lines are called x (drawn from
left to right, with positive direction to the right of the origin) and y (drawn from
bottom to top, with positive direction upward of the origin). Coordinates of a point
are determined by the distance of this point from the lines, and the signs of the
coordinates are determined by whether the point is in the positive or in the negative
direction from the origin.
- coordinates
- A unique ordered pair
of numbers that identifies a point on the coordinate plane. The first
number in the ordered pair identifies the position with regard to the
x-axis while the second number identifies the position on the y-axis.
- corresponding angles
- Two angles in the same relative position on two lines when those lines are cut by a transversal.
- cube
- A prism with six square faces.
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